Legal
With "electrical law" it is intended the laws, regulations and technical regulations. By law, the CEI laws gives an absolute assumption, even if not exclusive, of fine art and so the equipments and the systems made and maintained as by the CEI rules are to be considered safe. Moreover, the systems, must be made as by law 46/90; in particular:
• made by firm registered in a special Union of Craftsmen or Chamber of commerce public register;
• forecast the compulsion of using only certified material;
• the necessity of a project for wide systems or for particular systems (medical, fire or explosion riskier ones);
• to ensure the worker from direct contacts (normally, parts in tension) and indirect ( metal parts that should not be in tension, like the body of old appliances);
• the duty of the earthing system;
• the duty to install a differential switch;
• to be verified as by security and functionality;
• with a legitimacy statement released by the installer with all the necessary attachments.

The electrical discipline is divided into different main sectors:

• Low voltage
These are systems with a tension up to 1000 Volt alternating and 1500 Volt direct, and include the most part of private systems both civil and industrial.

• Medium and high voltage systems
These systems, voltage >1000 volt alternating, are mainly used by the production and distribution companies. By law, there is only low and high voltage, medium and high are technical terms, basically medium voltage is included between 1000 volt and 30.000 volt.

• very low voltage systems and signals
Working and security of very low voltage systems, under 50 volt: intercom, phone, informative , anti-burglar TV antenna systems. It is defined the lowest level of insulation between these circuits and power lines.

• Industrial machine security
Definition of minimum security on electrical machines to avoid working accidents: security and emergency switches , protections against the access, ecc.

• Electromagnetism compatibility
Limits of max emissions of electromagnetic disturbances from electric and electronic hardware and minimum reaction of these by disturbs in the environment. The EU ha s issued a directive, that oblige the builders to apply the best project techniques and demonstrate their efficacy through type tests (or on different machines before the admission into market) and periodical (in different cases to apply to still working machines panels,). The conformity to this aspect is integral part of the process to qualify the product, ending with CE mark. In the past there was was the wrong idea that "CE" mark meant "compatibility electromagnetism" (which is EMC), as by acronyms' similarity. It must be remembered that compatibility criteria are defined for the destination of use of the electrical machine and can be more or less tight: for example, medical machines must respect liability criteria higher than of a common appliance.

• Protection against fulmination
Protection of people and goods from bolts, project of lighting conductors and coordination with other systems.

Italian law
There are many laws and rules in this sector, the most important are those to respect to prevent working accidents of electrical origin an may be found in many web sites like this:

• Regulatory Authority for Electricity and Gas